| Federal Aviation
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| The Congress of the United States enacts laws concerning civil aviation
pursuant to its authority to regulate interstate and foreign commerce. Under various
enactments we have seen requirements for certification and registration of aircraft, the
certification and licensing of pilots, and rules governing airports and air routes,
administered by Federal agencies. The regulation schemes, and the names of responsible
agencies have changed with key legislation, beginning with the first such enactment in
1926. The Federal Aviation Agency was established by the Federal Aviation Act in 1958.
Other key Federal enactments include the Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970 and
the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. At the present time, Federal regulation of aviation rests primarily with the Federal Aviation Administration. This Federal agency is currently operating under a five-year plan started in 1998, which focuses on three stated goals of safety, security, and system efficiency. It sets targets (performance goals) for improving safety, security, and system efficiency; identifies focus areas where FAA will concentrate its efforts; and lists key projects. State governments may enact statutes and create agencies to regulate air traffic, but may not regulate rates, routes or services of any air carrier authorized to provide interstate air transportation under the Federal Aviation Act. States may enact laws which are not inconsistent laws with Federal laws. |
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| Title 49, United States Code, Transportation | ||||
| FAA access points, regulations, pilot certification links, tutorials, guidance, reference, advisory items, selected FAA Organization Homepages, national event links and FAA forms primarily for practitioners in the aviation community. Federal Aviation Administration | ||||
| The National Transportation Safety Board is an independent Federal agency charged by Congress with investigating all civil aviation accidents in the United States, and significant railroad, highway, maritime and pipeline accidents. Other federal, state and local authorities, and often, industry representtives participate in the investigation of major accidents. The NTSB determines the probable cause of accidents, and issues safety recommendations designed to prevent future accidents. The NTSB Accident/Incident Database is the official repository of aviation accident data and causal factors. See Subtitle II Title 49 U.S.Code, Cornell Law School. | ||||
| In the National Transportation Safety Board database, an event is classified as an accident or an incident. "Aircraft accident" means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage. NTSB defines "Incident" to mean an occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. The NTSB database contains only selected incident reports. | ||||
| Data is listed on NTSB Form 6120.19A (Preliminary Report) and NTSB Form 6120.4 (Factual Report). A Preliminary report is completed within 5 working days of the event, and a Factual report with additional information concerning the occurrence is available within a few months. A Final report, which includes a statement of the probable cause, may not be completed for months or after completion of the investigation. Preliminary reports contain only a few data elements; such as date, location, aircraft operator, and type of aircraft, which remain until the Factual and Final reports are entered into the database. | ||||
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